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|native_name = |image = Sam Rainsy.jpgborder |alt = Sam Rainsy in 2015. |caption = |honorific-suffix = MP |office2 = House Minority Leader |primeminister2 = Hun Sen |term_start2 = November 29, 2014 |term_end2 = November 16, 2015 |predecessor2 = Position established |successor2 = Vacant |office1 = President of the Cambodia National Rescue Party |term_start1 = July 17, 2012 |vicepresident1 = Kem Sokha |term_end1 = |predecessor1 = Position established |successor1 = |office3 = President of the Sam Rainsy Party |term_start3 = 1995 |term_end3 = July 17, 2012 |vicepresident3 = Kong Korm |predecessor3 = Position established |successor3 = Kong Korm |office5 = Member of Parliament for Kampong Cham |term_start5 = November 30, 1998 |term_end5 = November 16, 2015 |majority5 = 457,819 (2013) |office6 = Member of Parliament for Siem Reap |term_start6 = July 2, 1993 |term_end6 = June 1995 |office7 = Minister of Economy and Finance |primeminister7 = Norodom Ranariddh |term_start7 = September 24, 1993 |term_end7 = October 24, 1994 |predecessor7 = Position established |successor7 = Keat Chhon |birth_date = |birth_place = Phnom Penh, Cambodia |death_date = |death_place = |party = Cambodia National Rescue Party |otherparty = Sam Rainsy Party FUNCINPEC |spouse = Tioulong Saumura (m. 1971) |children = |relations = |parents = Sam Sary In Em |signature = Sam Rainsy signature.png |religion = Theravada Buddhism |nationality = Cambodian |profession = Politician, economist |alma_mater = Paris Institute of Political Studies European Institute of Business Administration |website = }} Sam Rainsy ((クメール語:សម រង្ស៊ី) ; born March 10, 1949) is a Cambodian politician who most recently served as the Minority Leader. He was a Member of Parliament (MP) for Kampong Cham from 1998 until his removal in 2015. He was previously the MP for Siem Reap from 1993 until 1995 when he was expelled from the National Assembly. The leader and co-founder of the Cambodia National Rescue Party (CNRP), Rainsy was previously a member of the royalist Funcinpec Party and served as the Minister of Economy and Finance during Norodom Ranariddh's administration from 1993 until his sacking in 1994. In June 1995, he was expelled from the National Assembly, and formed the Khmer Nation Party (KNP), which changed its name before the 1998 elections to the Sam Rainsy Party (SRP) to avoid registration issues.〔()〕 From 2000 to 2002 and again from 2012 to 2014, Rainsy was the chairperson of the Council of Asian Liberals and Democrats.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=CALD Chairs )〕 Sam Rainsy went into self-imposed exile on February 3, 2005, citing fear of arrest after a vote in the National Assembly removed parliamentary immunity from himself and fellow SRP MPs Chea Poch and Cheam Channy.〔(Cambodia: Opposition Politicians Arrested, Forced to Flee ), February 7, 2005, Human Rights Watch〕 Rainsy faced multiple criminal defamation charges after accusing the Cambodian People's Party and Funcinpec of corruption in the formation of the current coalition government. He has also accused Prime Minister Hun Sen of involvement in the 2004 murder of SRP-affiliated union leader Chea Vichea. In September 2010, Rainsy was tried in absentia and sentenced to 10 years in prison for charges widely believed to be politically motivated.〔''Human Rights in Asia'' 2011, edited by Thomas W.D. Davis & Brian Galligan (specifically, chapter 8 by Sorpong Peou)〕〔Karbaum, Markus. "Cambodia’s Façade Democracy and European Assistance." ''Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs'' 30.4 (2012): 111-143〕〔Curley, Melissa. "7 Developments in Cambodian democracy." ''Democracy in Eastern Asia: Issues, Problems and Challenges in a Region of Diversity'' (2013): 138〕〔http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/cambodia/politics.htm Retrieved March-3-2015〕 In 2012, the Sam Rainsy Party merged with the Human Rights Party to from the Cambodia National Rescue Party. Following his resignation from the Sam Rainsy Party to lead the newly formed opposition party, Kong Korm succeeded him as party leader in November 2012. On July 12, 2013, King Norodom Sihamoni granted a royal pardon to Rainsy at the request of Prime Minister Hun Sen, allowing the opposition leader to return to Cambodia without threat of imprisonment, although he remained ineligible for candidacy in the 2013 general election. Rainsy returned to Cambodia on July 19, 2013 where thousands of his supporters waited along the roads. The CNRP gained 55 seats in the National Assembly although Sam Rainsy and Kem Sokha have denied these results and accused the ruling party of poll fraud. The opposition boycotted parliament in September 2013, until July 2014. == Early life and political career == Sam Rainsy was born in Phnom Penh on March 10, 1949. He moved to France in 1965, studied there and then worked as an investment manager and executive director in a variety of Parisian financial companies.〔Brown, Zasloff (1998), p. 240〕 He became a member of the Funcinpec Party, and after returning to Cambodia in 1992 was elected a member of parliament for Siem Reap Province the following year. He became Minister of Finance, but was expelled from the party after losing a vote of no-confidence in 1994. In 1995, he founded the Khmer Nation Party (KNP), which changed its name before the 1998 elections to the Sam Rainsy Party (SRP) to avoid registration issues.〔 In the 2003 elections, it polled 22% of the vote. At that time, the U.S. Embassy in Phnom Penh said it was "deeply concerned" that the government appeared to be trying to "silence the opposition". Other embassies, local and international organizations shared the same concerns. Sam was tried ''in absentia'' on 22 December 2005 in relation to the defamation lawsuits. The court sentenced him to 18 months in prison and ordered him to pay around US$14,000 in fines and compensation. On 5 February 2006, Rainsy received a Royal Pardon by King Norodom Sihamoni at Prime Minister Hun Sen's request. He then returned to Cambodia on 10 February 2006. In October 2009, Rainsy led local residents at the Cambodia-Vietnam border in a protest against alleged Vietnamese encroachment on Cambodian territory, in which he was alleged to have encouraged villagers to uproot border markings he claimed to have been illegally placed by Vietnam. In 2009, Vietnam’s foreign ministry condemned Sam Rainsy’s actions and asked the government to protect the nations’ ongoing border demarcation process. The statement called Sam Rainsy’s act "perverse, undermining common assets, violating laws of Cambodia and Vietnam, treaties, agreements and deals between the two countries". On October 25, Rainsy was charged with racial incitement and destruction of property, and the Cambodian parliament stripped Rainsy of his immunity from prosecution in November. Rainsy was issued a summons to appear in court for a hearing. On January 1, 2010, the Svay Rieng provincial court issued an arrest warrant for Rainsy after he failed to appear in court. Rainsy had fled the country at this point and was residing in France in self-imposed exile. He was pardoned by King Norodom Sihamoni in July 2013〔 and returned to Cambodia on July 19, 2013.〔 In April 2014, Rainsy talked on the phone with Prime Minister Hun Sen, regarding the political deadlock which had gripped Cambodia since July 2013. Rainsy and Sen reached an agreement to hold early polls in February 2018 instead of the usual elections in July. The deal will be signed before the King but the opposition leader said it was only "80 percent completed" and had to wait for his deputy Kem Sokha to return from the United States. But CNRP Vice President Kem Sokha disagreed with the deal, saying he wants early polls to be held by 2016. On July 22, 2014, the Cambodian political crisis ongoing since 2013 was officially ended in a deal reached between the CPP and CNRP. The opposition also agreed to accept their seats in parliament, thus ending the longest political deadlock in Cambodian history. The CNRP was also given leadership roles in parliament, with Kem Sokha as the first vice president of the National Assembly and other politicians chairing 5 of the 10 parliamentary commissions. Rainsy, who failed to register during the 2013 election, was accepted as an MP (for Kampong Cham) by the Election Committee, replacing Kuoy Bunroeun.〔 Rainsy also proposed the National Assembly to formally recognize an official opposition and pushed for a full shadow cabinet. Such changes would allow him to debate directly with prime minister Hun Sen, similar to the British Westminster system. On November 13, 2015, the Supreme Court of Cambodia issued an arrest warrant for Rainsy over a case dating back to 2008. Three days later, he was unanimously removed from the National Assembly by the Cambodian People's Party while facing several charges.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Sam Rainsy」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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